Comments re Chapter 12 Problems:
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12-1 |
Two T/F questions about the chemical potentials of solutions. The basic point is very important. No solution will form unless the chemical potentials of both the solute and the solvent substances decrease. If they do not both decrease then no solution will be formed. Note that at least a few thousand formula units (i.e., 10-20 moles) of most solutes will dissolve in one mole of most solvents. Such low concentrations, however, are seldom of any practical importance. |
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12-2 |
A second short T/F problem related to problem 12-1. |
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12-3 |
An exercise in calculating vapor-pressure lowering for a familiar solution. |
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12-5 |
An exercise involving the freezing-point depression. |
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12-23 |
Problem involving osmotic pressure and ionic strength. Part (b) requires some knowledge of chemistry (i.e., the relationships between m and meff for the most important electrolytes in seawater). |
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12-66 |
A thought problem that is based on a simple system in which the chemical potential of the solvent differs between two beakers because the solution concentrations are different. Since the liquid solvent is in equilibrium with its vapor, the solvent is constantly vaporizing and condensing. The solvent can therefore migrate from one beaker to the other. |
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