| 9-BBN | 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane |
| ac | acetyl |
| acac | acetylacetone |
| AIBN | 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile |
| Ala | alanine (A) |
| anticlinal | gauche dihedral angle of 120 ¡ |
| Ar | aryl |
| Arg | arginine (R) |
| Asn | asparagine (N) |
| Asp | aspartic acid (D) |
| Asx | Asn and/or Asp |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| BBN | borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane |
| BCME | bis(chloromethyl)ether |
| BHA | butylated hydroxy anisole |
| BHT | butylated hydroxy toluene |
| BINAL-H | 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyllithium aluminum hydride |
| BINAP | 2,2'bis(diphenylphospinio)-1,1'-binaphthyl |
| BINOL | 1,1'-bi-2,2'-naphthol |
| bipy | 2,2''-bipyridyl |
| BMS | borane dimethyl sulfide |
| Bn | benzyl |
| Boc | t-butoxycarbonyl |
| BOM | benzyloxymethyl |
| BOMCl | benzyloxymethyl chloride |
| bp | boiling point |
| BPPFA | N,N-dimethyl-1-[1',2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ferrocenyl)ethylamine |
| BPPM | N-t-butoxycarbonyl-2-(diphenylphosphino)-ethyl-4-diphenylphospinopyridine |
| bs | brosyl(4-bromobenenesulfonyl) |
| BSA | N,O-bis(trimethylsily)acetamide |
| BSA | bovine serum albumin (more common) |
| BSTFA | O,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide |
| BTAM | (triton B) benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide |
| Bu | n-butyl |
| Burgess Reagent | CH3O2CN-SO2N+CH2CH3 |
| Bz | benzoyl |
| CAN | cerium(IV) ammoniumu nitrate |
| CAS | cerium(IV) ammoniumu sulfate |
| Cbz | benzyloxycarbonyl |
| CD | circular dichroism |
| CDI | N,N'-Carbonyldiimidazole |
| CHIRAPHOS | 2,3-bis(diphenylphospino)butane |
| chloramine-T | sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide |
| chloranil | tetrachlorobenzoqinone |
| Chx | cyclooctatetraene |
| CI | configurational interaction (comp chem), chemical ionization (MS) |
| cod | cyclooctadiene |
| Collman's reagent | disodium iron tetracarbonyl |
| Common | Abbreviations |
| cot | cyclooctadiene |
| Cp | cyclopentadienyl |
| CRA | complex reducing agent |
| CSA | camphorsulfonic acid |
| CSI | chlorosulfonyl isocyanate |
| CTAB | ceyltrimethylammonium bromide (CH3(CH2)15N+(CH3)3 |
| cy | cyclohexyl |
| Cys | cystine (C) |
| d | density |
| DABCO | 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane |
| Danishefsky diene | 1-methoxy-3-trimethylsiloxybuta-1,3-diene |
| DAST | N,N-diethylaminosulfur trifluoride |
| dba | dibenzylideneacetone (Ph-CH=CH-)2C=O |
| DBAD | di-t-butyl azodicarboxylate |
| DBN | 1,5-diazabicyclo[3.4.0]non-5-ene |
| DBU | 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene |
| DCC | dicyclohexylcarbodiimide |
| DDQ | 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone |
| DDT | 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2,-trichloroethane |
| de | diastereomeric excess |
| DEAC | diethyaluminum chloride |
| DEAD | diethylazodicarboxylate |
| des | without (eg. des methyl) |
| DET | diethyltartrate |
| DHP | dihydropyran |
| DIAD | diisopropylazodicarboxylate |
| DIBAL | diisobutylaluminum hydride (also DIBAL-H) |
| DIEA | diisopropylethylamine (more common) |
| dien | dithylenetriamine |
| diglyme | diethylene glycol dimethyl ether |
| dimsyl | methylsulfinylmethylide, CH3SOCH2(-) |
| DIOP | 2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane |
| DIPEA | diisopropylethylamine |
| diphos | dppe |
| DIPT | diisopropyltartrate |
| disiamyl | 1,2-dimethylprop-1-yl |
| DMA | dimethylacetamide |
| DMAD | dimethylacetalenedicarboxylate |
| DMAP | 4-N-N-dimethylpyridine |
| DMB | 2,6-dimethoxybenzyl |
| DME | 1,2-dimethoxyethane (glyme) |
| DMF | N,N-dimethylformamide |
| dmg | diemthylglyoximato |
| DMI | dimethyimidazole |
| DMPU | N,N'-dimethypropyleneurea |
| DMS | dimethylsulfide |
| DMSO | dimethylsulfoxide |
| DMTSF | dimethyl(methythio)sulfonium tetrafluoroborate |
| DNMR | dynamic NMR |
| DNP | 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (derivative) |
| dppb | 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane |
| dppe | 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane |
| dppf | 1,1'-(diphenylphosphino)ferocene |
| dppp | 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane |
| DTBP | di-t-butyl peroxide |
| E | G. Entegen opposite |
| E | in structures carboalkoxy group (ester) |
| EDA | ethyl diazoacetate |
| EDC | 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyaminopropyl)carbodimide |
| EDCI | EDC |
| EDT | 1,2-ethanedithiol |
| EDTA | N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine |
| ee | enantiomeric excess |
| EE | 1-ethoxyethyl |
| ENDOR | electron nuclear doubel resonance |
| eschenmoser's salt | (CH3)2NCH2+ I- |
| esr | electron spin resonance |
| Et | ethylÊ |
| ETSA | ethyl timethysilylacetate |
| Eu(fod)3 | tris(1,1,1-trifluoro-7,7-dimethyl-4,6-octane-dion)europium(III) |
| EWG | electron withdrawing group |
| EXAFS | extended x-ray absorption fine spectrum |
| FAB | fast atom bombardment |
| FID | free induction decay |
| FMN | flavin mononucleotide |
| Fp- | cyclopentadienyldicarbonylferrate |
| FT | Fourier transform |
| FVP | flash vacuum pyrolysis |
| GLC | VPC, GC gas-liquid chromatography |
| Gln | glutamine (Q) |
| Glu | glutamic acid (E) |
| Glx | Gln and/or Glu |
| Gly | glycine (G) |
| Hex | n-hexyl |
| His | histadine (H) |
| HLAPH | horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase |
| HMDS | hexamethyldisilazane |
| HMPA | hexamethyphosphoric triamide |
| HOBt | 1-hydroxybenzotriazole |
| homo | same |
| HOMO | highest occupied molecular orbital |
| HOS | hydeoxyamine-O-sulfonic Acid, H2NOSO2OH |
| HOSu | N-hydroxysuccinamide |
| HPLC | high performance (pressure) liquid chromatography |
| Hunig's Base | diisopropylethylamine |
| Ile | isoleucine (I) |
| im | Imidazol |
| Ipc | isopinocamphenyl |
| IR | infra red |
| KHMDS | potassium hexamethyldisilazide |
| LAH | Lithium aluminum hydride |
| LD50 | dose that is lethal to 50% of the subjects |
| LDA | lithium diisopropylamide |
| Leu | leucine (L) |
| LHDMS | lithium hexamethyldisilylazide (also LiHDMS) |
| LICA | ithium diisopropylcyclohexylamide |
| LTA | lead tetraacetate |
| LTMP | lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide (harpoon base) (also LTMP) |
| LUMO | lowest occupied molecular orbital |
| lut | lutadine |
| Lys | lysine (K) |
| MA | maleic anhydride |
| MAD | methyaluminum bis(2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxide) |
| magic methyl | CH3SO3F |
| MAT | methyaluminum bis(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenoxide) |
| m-CPBA | m-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid |
| Me | methyl |
| meerwein salt | trialkyloxonium tetrafluoroborate |
| MEK | methyl ethyl ketone |
| MEM | 2-methoxyethoxymethyl |
| MEMCl | 2-methoxyethoxymethyl chloride |
| Mes | mesityl (2,4,6-trimethylphen-1-yl) |
| Met | methionine (M) |
| MIC | methy isocyanate |
| MMPP | magnesium monoperoxyphthalate |
| MOM | methoxymethyl |
| MOMCl | methoxymethyl chloride |
| MoOPH | oxodiperoxomolybdenum(pyridine)(hexamethylphospohoric triamde) |
| mp | melting point |
| MPM | p-methoxyphenylmethyl |
| MPMCl | p-methoxyphenylmethyl chloride |
| Ms | mesyl |
| MS | mass spectrometry |
| MS | molecular Sieves |
| Ms2O | mesyl Anhydride |
| MTBE | methy t-butyl ether |
| MTM | methylthiomethyl |
| MVK | methylvinylketone |
| n | refractive index |
| NAD+ | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
| NADH | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced) |
| NaHDMS | sodium hexamethydisilazide |
| Naph | naphthyl |
| NBA | N-bromoacetamide |
| nbd | norbornadiene (bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene) |
| NBS | N-bromosuccinimide |
| NCS | N-chlorosuccinimide |
| NIS | N-iodosuccinimide |
| NMO | 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide |
| NMP | N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone |
| NMR | nuclear magnetic resonance |
| nOe | nuclear Overhauser effect |
| nor | indicates removal of a skeletal atom from a well-known structure |
| NORPHOS | bis(diphenylphosphino)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene |
| Np | see Naph |
| Ns | nitrobenzene sulfonyl |
| OBO | bridged carboxylic orthoester |
| ORD | optical rotary dispersion |
| oxone | potassium hydrogen persulfate 2KHSO4.K2SO4 |
| PAP | 4-pyrrolidinopyridine |
| PBB | polybrominated biphenyls |
| PCB | polychlorinated biphenyls |
| PCC | pyridinium chlorochromate |
| PDC | pyridinium dichromate |
| PEG | polyethyleneglycol |
| pent | n-pentyl |
| PES | photo electron spectroscopy |
| PG | prostoglandin |
| ph | phenyl |
| Phe | phenylalanine (F) |
| phen | 1,10-phenanthroline |
| Phth | phthaloyl |
| Piv | pivaloyl |
| PLE | pig liver esterase |
| PMB | p-methoxybenzy |
| PMDTA | N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine |
| PNB | p-nitrobenzoate |
| PPA | polyphosphoric acid |
| PPE | polyphosphate ester |
| PPTC | pyrophosporyltetrachloride |
| PPTS | pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate |
| Pr | n-propyl |
| Pro | proline (P) |
| PTAB | phenyltrimethlyammonium perbromide, PhNMe3+Br3- |
| PTC | Phase Transfer Conditions |
| PTSA | para-toluene sulfonic acid |
| pyr | pyridine (also py) |
| QSAR | quantitative structure-activity relationship |
| RAMP | (R)-1-amino-2-(methoxymethy)pyrrolidine |
| Red-Al | sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride |
| rt | room temperature |
| salen | bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine |
| SAMP | (S)-amino-2-(methoxymethy)pyrrolidine |
| seco | indicates ring-cleavage product of a well-known structure |
| selectride | tri-sec-butylborohydride, Li or K salt |
| SEM | 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl |
| SEMCl | 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl chloride |
| Ser | serine (S) |
| SET | single electron transfer |
| Sia | siamyl(3-methyl-2-butyl) |
| SOMO | singly occupied molecular orbital |
| St | styrene |
| Sulfan B | sulfur trioxide (stabilized) |
| Sulfolane | tetrahydrothiophene-S,S-dioxide |
| super hydride | sodium triethylborohydride Na(C2H5)3BH |
| synclinal | gauche dihedral angle of 60 ¡ |
| TASF | tris(diethylamino)sulfonium diflurotrimethylsilicate |
| TBAB | tetrabutylammonium bromide |
| TBAD | see DBAD |
| TBADC | bis(tetrabutylammonium)dichromate |
| TBAF | tetrabutylammonium fluoride |
| TBAI | tetrabutylammonium iodide |
| TBAPI | tetra-n-butylammonium periodate |
| TBDMS | t-Butyldimethylsilyl |
| TBDPS | t-Butyldiphenylsilyl |
| TBDPSCl | t-Butyldiphenylsilyl chloride |
| TBHP | t-Butylhydroperoxide |
| TBHP | t-butyl hydroperoxide |
| TBS | t-Butyldimethylsilyl |
| TBSCl | t-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride |
| TBSOTf | t-Butyldimethylsilyl triflate |
| TCNE | tetracyanoethylene |
| TCE | 2,2,2-trichloroethanol |
| TFE | 2,2,2-trifluroroethanol |
| TCNQ | 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane |
| TEA | triethylamine |
| TEBA | triethylbenzylammonium chloride (also TEBAC) |
| TEMPO | 2,2,6,6-tetramethypiperidinoxyl |
| TES | triethylsilyl |
| TESCl | triethylsilyl chloride |
| Tf | triflate (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) |
| TFA | trifluoroacetic acid |
| TFAA | trifluoroacetic anhydride |
| THF | tetrahydrofuran |
| THP | tetrahydropyran, tetrahydropyranyl |
| Thr | threonine (T) |
| Thx | thexy (2,3-dimethy-2-butyl) |
| TIPS | triisopropylsilyl |
| TLC | thin Layer Chromatography |
| TMOF | trimethylorthoformate HC(Ome)3 |
| TMANO | trimethylamine N-oxide |
| TMM | trimethylene methane |
| TMEDA | N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine |
| TMG | 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine |
| TMP | 2,2,6,6-tetramethypiperidine |
| TMS | trimethylsilyl |
| TMSI | trimethylsilyl iodide |
| TMSCl | trimethylsilyl chloride |
| Tol | p-tolyl |
| TPAP | tetrapropylammonium perruthenate |
| TPP | tetraphenylporphyrin |
| TPP | triphenylphosphine |
| Tr | trityl (triphenymethyl) |
| Trp | tryptophane (W) |
| triton B | (BTAM) benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide |
| troc | 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (amine protection labile to reduction) |
| TRIS | tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane |
| tris | three groups |
| bis | two groups |
| TOSMIC | p-toluenesulfonylmethylisocyanide |
| Ts | tosyl |
| TsCl | tosyl chloride |
| TsOH | tosic acid |
| TTN | thallium(III) nitrate |
| Tyr | tyrosine (Y) |
| UHP | ureahydrogen peroxide complex |
| Val | valine (V) |
| Z | see Cbz |
| Z | G. Zusammen (together) |
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