Dennis Chapman, Professor of Biophysical Chemistry, Royal Free Hospital, School of Medicine, University of London. Ph.D. University of Liverpool; D.Sc. University of London; Member of the Royal College of Physicians, MRCP; Comyns Berkeley Fellow, Cambridge University; Wellcome Trust Sr. Research Fellow; Head of Department of Protein and Molecular Biology, and Vice Dean, Royal Free Hospital, School of Medicine, University of London; Associate Director, IRC (Medical Biomaterials); Honors: First Honorary Member of the Spanish Biophysical Society (1991); Honorary D.Sc. from Utrecht (1976), Memorial (Canada, 1980), Pais Vasco (Spain, 1994). Over 400 scientific publications.
Janos H. Fendler, Professor of Chemistry, Syracuse University. Ph.D., D.Sc. University of London; Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Director of the Center for Membrane Engineering and Science, Syracuse University; Is or has been member of the editorial boards of the Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Langmuir, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of France, Magyar Kemiai Folyoirat; Recipient Humboldt Sr. Research Award; Kendal Award (American Chemical Society).
Buddy D. Ratner, Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington. Ph.D. Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn; Director, National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington. Has been the Editor of Surface Characterization of Biomaterials and a member of the editorial boards of 13 journals and book series. Recipient of Faculty Achievement for Outstanding Research Award from the Burlington Resources Foundation; Clemson Award, Society for Biomaterials; 1990 Perkin Elmer Physical Electronics Award for Excellence in Surface Science; has been president of the Society for Biomaterials. Over 200 scientific publications.
9:30 AM Welcome by Dr. David Watt, Vice Chancellor for
Research and Graduate Studies,
University of Kentucky - Room 139,
Chemistry-Physics Building
9:35 AM Introductory Remarks - Dr. Leonidas Bachas,
University of Kentucky
9:40 AM Dennis Chapman, University of London, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine Haemocompatibility, Protein Adsorption & New Biomaterials
This talk will show the development of new biomaterials which are haemocompatible and protein resistant. They are based upon a simple mimicking of the outer lipid surface of serum lipoproteins and the outer lipid matrix of erythrocyte and platelet cells, using the dominant phosphoryl choline group present in the systems, to produce new polymeric biomaterials. Examples of the application of these new biomaterials to blood oxygenators and angioplasty devices including stents will be shown including results of the various in vitro and in vivo tests which have been made. These new biomaterials can be used in the form of surface coatings or as bulk polymers. The fact that their surfaces are protein resistant has been used to develop new hydrogel polymers for the construction of contact lenses. These contact lenses are protein and lipid resistant and do not readily dry out and have excellent oxygen permeability. The contact lenses are already on the UK market and preparation is in hand for their launch into the Canadian and U.S. markets. Future non-health care applications such as bioseparation membranes and marine anti-fouling applications are being explored and will be described.
10:25 AM Discussion
10:35 AM Dr. Janos H. Fendler, Syracuse University
Membrane-Mimetic Approach to Advanced Materials Synthesis
A membrane-mimetic approach to advanced materials synthesis has been developed in our laboratories. Three different methodologies will be discussed. In the first one, semiconducting, magnetic, and metallic nanoparticles are being generated in situ under monolayers floating on aqueous solutions. In the second method, nanoparticles are being generated in situ between the polar headgroups of Langmuir-Blodgett films. In the third method, uniform, size-quantized particles, dissolved in organic solvents, are being spread on the surface of aqueous solutions in a Langmuir film balance. Characterization and potential utilization of the nanoparticles generated by the three different methodologies will be discussed.
11:20 AM Discussion
11:30 AM Dr. Buddy D. Ratner, University of Washington
Blood Compatibility: The Difficult Issues
Thrombosis and thromboembolism continue to complicate the effectiveness of medical devices used in contact with the blood stream. Many of the materials used today in medical practice are the same as were used 30 years ago, and the problems with them have not appreciably diminished. This talk will address the reasons for the slow progress, and offer some insights about the performance of materials in blood. The reason for slow progress is attributed to the lack of a clear definition of the frequently used term "blood compatibility." For example, there are different coagulation mechanisms that are operative in arterial and venous flows, and different materials may be more suited for the arterial or the venous environment. Also, evaluation tests that measure adhesive blood elements, embolic production or systemic reactivity of blood elements will each view into different aspects of the thrombogenicity of materials. Some blood compatibility evaluation schemes that provide quantitative information on the reactivity of materials with blood will be described. Based upon these tests, a few conclusions about materials can be drawn. Hydrophobic surfaces have low reactivities with blood platelets. Hydrogel materials and polar surfaces appear to be highly platelet consumptive. For studying platelet reaction with materials, four possibilities should be considered. First, platelet adhesion may occur and the platelets may continuously react, aggregate and embolize. Second, platelets may not stick to the surface, but may continuously react with it. Third, platelets may stick to the surface, spread and passivate the surface thereby reducing its reactivity. Finally surfaces that neither adhere platelets or react with them should be considered. Examples of materials in all four categories will be presented. Materials in categories 3 and 4 may be designated "blood compatible" or, more properly, "platelet compatible."
11:20 AM Discussion
12:30 PM Buffet Lunch, Faculty Club (Please return registration form by April 3, 1995 for reservations. Cost $10.00 to be paid at registration.)
1995 Committee: Leonidas Bachas (Chair), D. Allan Butterfield, Sylvia Daunert, Paul M. Bummer (Pharmacy)
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This page was last updated on March 22, 1995